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Corante Blogs examine, through the eyes of leading observers, analysts, thinkers, and doers, critical themes and memes in technology, business, law, science, and culture.

The Press Will Be Outsourced Before Stopped

Vin Crosbie, on the challenges, financial and otherwise, that newspaper publishers are facing: "The real problem, Mr. Newspaperman, isn't that your content isn't online or isn't online with multimedia. It's your content. Specifically, it's what you report, which stories you publish, and how you publish them to people, who, by the way, have very different individual interests. The problem is the content you're giving them, stupid; not the platform its on."
by Vin Crosbie in Rebuilding Media

Travels In Numerica Deserta

There's a problem in the drug industry that people have recognized for some years, but we're not that much closer to dealing with it than we were then. We keep coming up with these technologies and techniques which seem as if they might be able to help us with some of our nastiest problems - I'm talking about genomics in all its guises, and metabolic profiling, and naturally the various high-throughput screening platforms, and others. But whether these are helping or not (and opinions sure do vary), one thing that they all have in common is that they generate enormous heaps of data.
by Derek Lowe in In the Pipeline

Disrobing the Emperor: The online “user experience” isn't much of one

Now that the Web labor market is saturated and Web design a static profession, it's not surprising that 'user experience' designers and researchers who've spent their careers online are looking for new worlds to conquer. Some are returning to the “old media” as directors and producers. More are now doing offline consulting (service experience design, social policy design, exhibition design, and so on) under the 'user experience' aegis. They argue that the lessons they've learned on the Web can be applied to phenomena in the physical and social worlds. But there are enormous differences...
by Bob Jacobson in Total Experience

Second Life: What are the real numbers?

Clay Shirky, in deconstructing Second Life hype: "Second Life is heading towards two million users. Except it isn’t, really... I suspect Second Life is largely a 'Try Me' virus, where reports of a strange and wonderful new thing draw the masses to log in and try it, but whose ability to retain anything but a fraction of those users is limited. The pattern of a Try Me virus is a rapid spread of first time users, most of whom drop out quickly, with most of the dropouts becoming immune to later use."
by Clay Shirky in Many-to-Many

The democratisation of everything

Over the last few years we've seen old barriers to creativity coming down, one after the other. New technologies and services makes it trivial to publish text, whether by blog or by print-on-demand. Digital photography has democratised a previously expensive hobby. And we're seeing the barriers to movie-making crumble, with affordable high-quality cameras and video hosting provided by YouTube or Google Video and their ilk... Music making has long been easy for anyone to engage in, but technology has made high-quality recording possible without specialised equipment, and the internet has revolutionised distribution, drastically disintermediating the music industry... What's left? Software maybe? Or maybe not."
by Suw Charman in Strange Attractor

RNA Interference: Film at Eleven

Derek Lowe on the news that the Nobel Prize for medicine has gone to Craig Mello and Andrew Fire for their breakthrough work: "RNA interference is probably going to have a long climb before it starts curing many diseases, because many of those problems are even tougher than usual in its case. That doesn't take away from the discovery, though, any more than the complications of off-target effects take away from it when you talk about RNAi's research uses in cell culture. The fact that RNA interference is trickier than it first looked, in vivo or in vitro, is only to be expected. What breakthrough isn't?"
by Derek Lowe in In the Pipeline

PVP and the Honorable Enemy

Andrew Phelps: "Recently my WoW guild has been having a bit of a debate on the merits of Player-vs.-Player (PvP) within Azeroth. My personal opinion on this is that PvP has its merits, and can be incredible fun, but the system within WoW is horridly, horribly broken. It takes into account the concept of the battle, but battle without consequence, without emotive context, and most importantly, without honor..."

From later in the piece: "When I talk about this with people (thus far anyway) I typically get one of two responses, either 'yeah, right on!' or 'hey, it’s war, and war isn’t honorable – grow the hell up'. There is a lot to be said for that argument – but the problem is that war in the real historical world has very different constraints that are utterly absent from fantasized worlds..."
by Andrew Phelps in Got Game

Rats Rule, Right?

Derek Lowe: "So, you're developing a drug candidate. You've settled on what looks like a good compound - it has the activity you want in your mouse model of the disease, it's not too hard to make, and it's not toxic. Everything looks fine. Except. . .one slight problem. Although the compound has good blood levels in the mouse and in the dog, in rats it's terrible. For some reason, it just doesn't get up there. Probably some foul metabolic pathway peculiar to rats (whose innards are adapted, after all, for dealing with every kind of garbage that comes along). So, is this a problem?.."
by Derek Lowe in In the Pipeline

Really BAD customer experience at Albertsons Market

Bob Jacobson, on shopping at his local Albertsons supermarket where he had "one of the worst customer experiences" of his life: "Say what you will about the Safeway chain or the Birkenstock billionaires who charge through the roof for Whole Foods' organic fare, they know how to create shopping environments that create a more pleasurable experience, at its best (as at Whole Foods) quite enjoyable. Even the warehouses like Costco and its smaller counterpart, Smart & Final, do just fine: they have no pretentions, but neither do they dump virtual garbage on the consumer merely to create another trivial revenue stream, all for the sake of promotions in the marketing department..."
by Strange Attractor in Total Experience

The Guardian's "Comment is Free"

Kevin Anderson: "First off, I want to say that I really admire the ambition of the Guardian Unlimited’s Comment is Free. It is one of the boldest statements made by any media company that participation needs to be central to a radical revamp of traditional content strategies... It is, therfore, not hugely surprising to find that Comment is Free is having a few teething troubles..."
by Kevin Anderson in strange
In the Pipeline: Don't miss Derek Lowe's excellent commentary on drug discovery and the pharma industry in general at In the Pipeline

The Loom

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December 21, 2005

The Big Fact-Check: Thoughts On the Day After Dover

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Posted by Carl Zimmer

When Judge John E. Jones III issued his decision in the Dover creationism trial on Tuesday, I downloaded the document with a vague sense of dread. It wasn't just that the decision was 139 pages long. I knew that Judge Jones had ruled that teaching intelligent design was unconstitutional, but I was worried that he might have accepted that it was anything but a warmed-over form of creationism.

Months of media coverage of the trial had nurtured my dread. Again and again, reporters felt an obligation to give "equal time" to intelligent design advocates, without feeling an equal obligation to fact-check the claims that the advocates were throwing out. I assumed Judge Jones would follow suit.

Once I started reading the decision, I realized I couldn't have been more wrong.

Judge Jones did not take the claims of intelligent design advocates at face value. They declared that intelligent design was not creationism. But he followed the long paper trail that linked creation scientists to the emergence of intelligent design in the 1980s. The Dover school board had its students to read the book "Of Pandas and People" to learn about intelligent design. Judge Jones observed that in the original draft of the book, the authors had used "creationism" and similar terms 150 times. In the final version, they had turned into "intelligent design."

The intelligent design advocates claimed that it was a serious field of scientific inquiry. In fact, Judge Jones wrote, intelligent design "has not generated peer-reviewed publications, nor has it been the subject of testing and research." Intelligent design advocates have tried to bolster their case by trying to find weaknesses in evolutionary biology. Judge Jones found that scientists had solidly rebutted these attacks. What's more, he recognized that simply attacking someone else's theory as wrong does not make yours right.

Journalists would do well to print Judge Jones's decision out and read it carefully. It's not up to a journalist to decide which side is right in a genuine scientific controversy. But it's wrong to let people use an article as a soapbox where they can make grand pronouncements about science, without looking into whether the science actually backs them up. Judge Jones fact-checked intelligent design and found it wanting. He did not shy away from this realization with worries that he was somehow being one-sided. Justice holds a balance in her hand, but balance is not what she seeks. Instead, she weighs the evidence to see which way it tips.

Comments (20) + TrackBacks (0) | Category: Evolution


COMMENTS

1. Jennifer on December 21, 2005 10:56 AM writes...

I just discovered your blog, and am enjoying it greatly.

Thank you for commenting on the thing that most bothers me about American journalism today - In the effort to appear "balanced" or "fair", lazy journalists interview people on both sides of an issue and quote their comments without enough context or fact-checking. An article becomes nothing more than "this side claims ____" vs. "the other side claims (the opposite)." Specious claims get repeated enough times in the press that they take on a life of their own, and since journalists treat them as viable alternatives to the truth they gain legitimacy.

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2. Harlan on December 21, 2005 12:14 PM writes...

Jennifer (and Carl), have you read Deborah Tannen's book The Argument Culture? One of the points she makes in there is that there *aren't* two sides to every story. Sometimes there's just one side. Sometimes there's 3 or 4 sides. Journalism schools have this fairness mantra that's just factually wrong about the state of truth in the world, and it does a dis-service to consumers of journalism.

Regarding the Dover decision, I think the judge got it exactly right. In the context of science, there's just no argument, and so it shouldn't be taught. If you want to teach about creationism in the context of a class on religion, by all means. If you want to talk about intelligent design (or solipsism, or brain-in-a-vat theory) in a philosophy class, please do. But in order to be useful, science needs to do its own thing without interference from other ways of looking at our perception of reality.

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3. D.B. Light on December 21, 2005 04:54 PM writes...

Is is possible to have classes on religion in public schools? Wouldn't any such class run up against the same constitutional problems as did efforts to introduce comments supporting AI into the science curriculum?

Science is demanding a protected status within our public institutions that is denied to other sources of authority. There is plenty to criticize within the scientific enterprise, especially when it advances claims to be a basis upon which to construct public policy.

i addressed some of these concerns at http://lightseekinglight.blogspot.com/2005/12/crisis-of-scientific-authority.html

Why not make grand pronouncements regarding science? Journalists, and for that matter scientists, make grand and often erroneous pronouncements regarding religion all the time. Such silliness is part of the journalistic culture we now live in.

I would join with Cristoph Cardinal Schonborn in calling for some humility on the part of what he calls Neo-Darwinists [you know the crowd, Dawkins, Wilson, et. al.]. Darwinian selection is a powerful explanatory mechanism, but it is not the answer to all things, and it carries with it some troubling moral implications.

Cardinal Schonborn's ideas, including an elaboration of his New York Times article, are presented in First Things.
http://www.firstthings.com/ftissues/ft0601/articles/schonborn.html

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4. Ophelia Benson on December 21, 2005 05:55 PM writes...

Journalists are always going to do this, though, because they don't care that it's bad science and bad epistemology; the point is, it's good journalism. It's about a 'conflict' and that's interesting to the audience, which a scientific controversy is not. Journalists cover the conflict rather than the controversy; they cover the politics rather than the substance; so naturally they talk to both sides, without regard to the fact that one hasn't got a leg to hop on.

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5. snaxalotl on December 21, 2005 06:39 PM writes...

you must be pretty pleased with your last two sentences. I know I would be. (/envy)

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6. RPM on December 21, 2005 06:51 PM writes...

But he followed the long paper trail that linked creation scientists to the emergence of intelligent design in the 1980s.

Calling it creation science is like calling evolution a religion. Let's call the bullshit for what it is.

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7. marco on December 21, 2005 07:50 PM writes...

Great thread! I am, however, less certain that the Judge's decision is good for science or education. My skim through the document makes me uneasy. I am fearful of courts deciding upon what is a good therory and what is not. While this decision may be correct, it never the less introduces judges into science who have NO place to make these decisions. They do not have the qualifications.

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8. Nick on December 21, 2005 07:54 PM writes...

RPM wrote:
"Calling it creation science is like calling evolution a religion. Let's call the bullshit for what it is."

Apparently the form of intelligent design they wanted kids to learn about in Dover was creation science:
http://www.skeptic.com/eskeptic/05-12-20.html

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9. Mauricio on December 21, 2005 10:13 PM writes...

Congratulations. I have criticized many scientific writters for the same reasons you've mentioned in your post. In fact, "it's not up to a journalist to decide which side is right in a genuine scientific controversy", but he can (and must) search the important questions and ask the two or more sides involved.

I mentioned your questions in my new blog http://laudascriticas.blogspot.com. (reflexions on
communications, journalism, science and environment). The post's title is "Intelligent Design: no question to Rosinha?" Rosinha Garotinho is the governor of Rio de Janeiro State. She promoted the teaching of the ID in few public schools of Rio. Until this moment, nobody asked her about the decision of the federal judge's decision in Pennsylvania.

Best wishes,

Mauri­cio Tuffani
http://laudascriticas.blogspot.com
Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
laudas.criticas@gmail.com

Permalink to Comment

10. Jennifer on December 22, 2005 09:28 AM writes...

Marco,

While it is chilling that judges might need to make more of these decisions in the future, clearly the Dover school board was NOT capable of making the correct decisions for its students and did not have the qualifications. Judge Jones had to become an expert overnight.

I agree with you that it is unfortunate, I don't know how else to solve this and the myriad other cases that are sure to rise over the next few years as this one specific brand of Christianity continues to flex its political muscle in enforcing its very specific ideas about truth on the rest of the population. This is only the beginning of school board/health care/censorship fights all over the country, and if local elected officials can't respect the separation between church and state, it's going to fall more and more to judges to enforce the Constitution.

Harlan, thank you for the book recommendation - I'm familiar with Tannen but not her more recent work, and I will check it out.

Best,
Jennifer

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11. Mike on December 23, 2005 01:36 PM writes...

"While it is chilling that judges might need to make more of these decisions in the future ..."

Unless one is prepared to turn over all matters relating to science to a ruling council of scientists who will make law and administer society in areas touched by science, you will inevitably have non-scientists and non-science methods used to decide matters where science and broader society meet. At least the courts have a formal system for accepting evidence, standards of proof, rules on who bears the burden of proof, methods for review of what is presented (rebuttal and cross-examination) and oversight in the form of the potential for appeals. Courts have their faults but the formalism and the attention to (and enforceability of, through appeals) methods of making decisions give them a leg up on getting the science right compared to the political process or business processes.

In politics, telling people what they want to hear rules, in business whatever produces profit, and if publicly traded, very short term profit. Rather than being chilled, the courts should be looked at as a place where the value of evidence and reasoned argument are higher in comparison to that of rhetoric, personal prejudice and personal profit than in most other areas of society.

The courts are an imperfect tool, but then again, neither science nor evolution itself are guaranteed to be optimal. They're just practical ways to do the best you can at this moment.

Of course, I'm biased. Before law school, my undergrad was math and science.

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12. Daniel Newby on December 23, 2005 11:48 PM writes...

"While it is chilling that judges might need to make more of these decisions in the future, ..."

And what will our imperial masters decide next? Will they find that American literature classes cannot study a particular play because it crosses the line between harmless fiction and active evangelism? Will they decide that string theory cannot be mentioned in a physics class because it is non-falsifiable and there are no supporting experiments?

And what would happen if somebody decided to apply evolutionary theory to humans, and act on the results? They'd be burned at the stake, and it would be a federal judge who struck the match.

"... clearly the Dover school board was NOT capable of making the correct decisions for its students and did not have the qualifications."

Indeed, which is why the local electorate rode them out of town on a rail before the federal show trial could even be finished. States rights solved the problem.

"Intelligent design advocates have tried to bolster their case by trying to find weaknesses in evolutionary biology. Judge Jones found that scientists had solidly rebutted these attacks."

They have? Then where did the first aminoacyl-tRNA synthase on Earth come from? The only evidence we have are tantalizing hints that point toward an RNA origin for life. I agree that that theory seems likely to be right, but I do so on the basis of wild guesses and faith.

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13. bp32 on December 24, 2005 08:38 AM writes...

Daniel,

I think your last point, which I agree is unanswered, misses the point. Evolution cannot and has not claimed to account for the origin of everything, down to the last minute bits of matter in the universe but rather explains why and how we have variation in living species (and many more things I would argue). This is why the creationist argument is also misplaced when placed in competition with evolution--its not about "where did EVERTHING come from", but rather "how it is that living things evolved into various forms" without explaining the origin of everything.

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14. marco on December 24, 2005 12:08 PM writes...

Jennifer, my concern is that in the future the court may not act on the side of reason. This decision by judge jones oversteps the authority of the court. Judge Jones and most judges are simply not qualified to render scientific pronouncements. The scientific community has an established process for evaluating scientific theories that the judge jones trampled upon. I am frightened by the willingness ofthis judge to overstep his legitimate authority.

The length and content of the judgment is equally frightening. I would have prefered a brief statement that also recognized the scientific communities responsibility in this area.

In summary, science has much to fear of an uneducated public and activist judges. I do not want the truth set by either of these two parties. As scientists it is our repsonsibility to govern ourselves. I do not appreciate how the ID community dragged the uninformed and courts into a scientific debate in an political manner.

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15. Daniel Newby on December 26, 2005 12:57 AM writes...

bp 32 said "Evolution cannot and has not claimed to account for the origin of everything, down to the last minute bits of matter in the universe but rather explains why and how we have variation in living species ...

It explains how, but not why. Genetic and fossil evidence shows only that selection events occurred. They do not speak as to the causes. It is not obvious to me that by looking at nucleotide sequences you can distinguish random chance from a Divine Selector who occassionally prunes or nurtures a chosen gene. I choose the former, because (1) science based on abstract laws dispassionately applied seems to give reasonably good answers, and (2) we have not stumbled across any obvious evidence supporting the latter.

However that is rather far from those crowing that evolution by natural selection is now proved beyond any doubt. They only look so correct because their opponents' ignorance of biology is exceeded only by their ignorance of philosophy.

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16. Hylton on December 30, 2005 08:45 AM writes...

test

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17. WBurke on January 3, 2006 10:22 PM writes...

Carl,

It doesn't bother you that the judge went beyond any human capacity to attack the board members, not for their actions, not for their efforts to remove science fiction from the science classroom (that would be a realistic description of Darwinian evolution as it is fictional and not factual), but rather because he stated they were trying to introduce religion into the classroom. The fact is that he could not possibly challenge the facts of the case, the facts of Intelligent Design - yes the SCIENTIFIC FACTS are incontrovertible, but because he knew he could not do this and the scientific community must rely on an environment closed to any scrutiny of Darwinianism, he made the case about religious intent which is a damnable lie.

God help him and you can be sure of this Carl, the reason you cannot see how wrong you are is that the god of this world, Satan, has blinded your eyes to the truth. May God have mercy on your soul.

In Christ,
Bill

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18. guthrie on January 4, 2006 09:51 AM writes...

Bill- what facts of intelligent design?
Do you mean biblical ones or scientific ones?

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19. pj on January 5, 2006 03:20 AM writes...

Was this an intelligent decision or a random accident ;)

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20. Erik H on January 6, 2006 03:37 PM writes...

William:

You summed it up nicely. The "facts" of ID are, without a doubt, unassailable. Nobody can easily DISprove ID.

The problem, of course, is that the "facts" of ID are, without a doubt, also unprovable...

Which is why they're not science.

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